分配给PATH变量的字符串

I am a new to Linux/Unix programming and was learning form the tutorial: https://www.tutorialspoint.com/unix/unix-environment.htm

在本教程中，它说主目录中的.profile文件 初始化TERM变量并初始化PATH变量 到：$ PATH = / bin：/ usr / bin $

但是，当我打印.profile文件的内容时，会得到以下内容：

 1  # ~/.profile: executed by the command interpreter for login shells.
 2  # This file is not read by bash(1), if ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bash_login
 3  # exists.
 4  # see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files for examples.
 5  # the files are located in the bash-doc package.

 6  # the default umask is set in /etc/profile; for setting the umask
 7  # for ssh logins, install and configure the libpam-umask package.
 8  #umask 022

 9  # if running bash
10  if [ -n "$BASH_VERSION" ]; then
11      # include .bashrc if it exists
12      if [ -f "$HOME/.bashrc" ]; then
13      . "$HOME/.bashrc"
14      fi
15  fi

16  # set PATH so it includes user's private bin directories
17  PATH="$HOME/bin:$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"

我的问题是

（1）TERM变量未在任何地方初始化吗？

（2）PATH变量初始化为垃圾桶（？）-因为找不到名为“ HOME”的任何文件夹，所以路径 $ HOME / bin和$ HOME / .local / bin没有意义；还有哪个文件夹是$ PATH？